carl jung
1875 — 1961
Psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who founded analytical psychology. Explored the collective unconscious, archetypes, and individuation.
The unconscious is not merely a repository of repressed personal experience but contains a collective layer shared by all humanity. Integration of the shadow—the disowned parts of ourselves—is essential for wholeness.
key ideas
The Shadow
The disowned parts of ourselves—what we refuse to acknowledge. What you resist, persists.
Archetypes
Universal patterns in the collective unconscious—the Hero, the Shadow, the Anima/Animus.
Individuation
The lifelong process of integrating conscious and unconscious to become whole.
Synchronicity
Meaningful coincidences that can't be explained by causation alone.
major works
- 1921
Psychological Types
The foundation for introversion/extraversion and psychological typology.
- 1951
Aion
On the archetype of the Self and the symbol of Christ.
- 1961
Memories, Dreams, Reflections Autobiography
Jung's autobiography, exploring his inner life and visions.
The Depth Psychology
Jung broke from Freud to develop his own vision of the psyche, one that included spiritual and mythological dimensions alongside the personal.
Key Quote
“Until you make the unconscious conscious, it will direct your life and you will call it fate.” — Carl Jung